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Opening up military innovation: causal effects of "bottom-up" reforms to U.S. defense research

Howell, Sabrina T.; Rathje, Jason; Van Reenen, John; … - 2021

the U.S. Air Force Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program that transitioned from "Conventional topics," which … innovation even in less specific Conventional topics. The results suggest that government (and perhaps private sector) innovation …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012517156

The impact of regulation on innovation

Aghion, Philippe; Bergeaud, Antonin; Van Reenen, John - 2021

Does regulation affect the pace and nature of innovation and if so, by how much? We build a tractable and quantifiable … sharp reduction in the firm's innovation response to exogenous demand shocks for firms just below the regulatory threshold …. We then quantitatively fit the parameters of the model to the data, finding that innovation at the macro level is about 5 …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012431121

Defensive Innovations

Koeniger, Winfried - 2002

Defensive innovations in developed countries can explain the empirical phenomenon that openness towards trade with less-developed countries does not necessarily induce a substantial increase in the wage differential and trade volumes. Building on step-by-step innovations as introduced by Aghion...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011406885

Competing on the holodeck : the effect of virtual peers and heterogeneity in dynamic tournaments

Graff, Jan Frederik; Grund, Christian; Harbring, Christine - 2018

We propose experiments in virtual reality (VR) as a new approach to examining behavior in an economic context, e.g., heterogeneity in dynamic tournaments. We simulate a realistic working situation in a highly immersive environment. Implementing a tournament in VR, we are able to mitigate the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011946765

Estimating the need for PhDs in the academic sector via a survey of employers

Masso, Jaan (contributor); Eamets, Raul (contributor); … - 2007

The aim of the current paper is to estimate the need for new PhDs in the Estonian academic sector for the 5-year period 2007-2012 using a survey of employers, such as universities, institutions of applied higher education and research institutes. The doctoral workforce in all countries around...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003561646

Bonus payments, hierarchy levels and tenure : theoretical considerations and empirical evidence

Grund, Christian; Kräkel, Matthias - 2010

Using data on executive compensation for the German chemical industry, we investigate the relevance of two theoretical approaches that focus on bonuses as part of a long term wage policy of a firm. The first approach argues that explicit bonuses serve as substitutes for implicit career concerns....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009155574

Up or out : research incentives and career prospects of postdocs in Germany

Fitzenberger, Bernd; Schulze, Ute - 2012

Academic careers in Germany have been under debate for a while. We conduct a survey among postdocs in Germany, to analyze the perceptions and attitudes of postdocs regarding their research incentives, their working conditions, and their career prospects. We conceptualize the career prospects of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009534097

Leadership and the research productivity of university departments

Goodall, Amanda H.; McDowell, John M.; Singell, Larry D. - 2014

Much of human knowledge is produced in the world's university departments. There is little scientific evidence, however, about how those hundreds of thousands of departments are best organized and led. This study hand-collects longitudinal data on departmental chairpersons in 58 US universities...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010236450

Research parasites are beneficial for the organism as a whole : competition between researchers creates a symbiotic relationship

Fecher, Benedikt; Wagner, Gert G. - 2016

In the New England Journal of Medicine, Longo and Drazen critically assessed the concept of data sharing. Their main concern is that a "new class of research person will emerge" that uses data, which were gathered by other researchers, for their own original research questions. The authors...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011458081

Did cheaper flights change the direction of science?

Catalini, Christian; Fons-Rosen, Christian; Gaulé, Patrick - 2016

We test how a reduction in travel cost affects the rate and direction of scientific research. Using a fine-grained, scientist-level dataset within chemistry (1991-2012), we find that after Southwest Airlines enters a new route, scientific collaboration increases by 50%, an effect that is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011458087

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