asymmetries in the convergence process of the RULCs and its components - real wages, capital intensity, and technology - are … achieving real convergence and, by extension, nominal convergence. We conclude by outlining technology as the key convergence …

growth. We estimate models that relate privately funded R&D to lagged government-funded R&D using industry-country level data … "crowding in" rather than "crowding out," as increases in government-funded R&D for an industry or a firm result in significant … increases in private sector R&D in that industry or firm. A 10% increase in government-financed R&D generates 4.3% additional …

of manufacturing, through indigenous entrepreneurs starting high-technology firms. This third variety is elaborated with …

In this paper we determine the industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness of eight Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs …

(troop-intensive), and airborne (also troop-intensive) military units, as well as mid-war reorganizations of each type, to … estimate the marginal cost of reducing U.S. fatalities in World War II, holding constant mission effectiveness, usage intensity …

of World War II (WW2) service, where the focus has been on the impact of this 'total war' on the broader civilian …

to make Europe the leading knowledge-based economy in the world with a "Latin American perspective". A realistic and … most serious development blockades, confronting Europe. Secondly, we analyze European regional performance since the 1990s … in order to know whether growth and development in Europe spread evenly among the different regions of the continent. It …

areas, and this paper shows that workers in rural areas in Europe are more likely to be self-employed, despite more …