Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

employment in Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, distinguishing between dependent and independent workers. For each country, we use … small at all levels in Brazil. -- Self-employed ; salary work ; informal sector ; earnings differential ; quantile …

This paper uses a unique new data set on nearly a thousand manufacturing firms in Brazil and India to investigate the … power disruption seems to significantly depress adoption and returns to ICT expenditures in India. This may be indicative of …

Italy, Brazil and then finally India. We also show that autonomous government schools (i.e. government funded but with …

middle-income economies: Bolivia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jordan, South Africa, Tanzania, and Vietnam. In order to … linear (Brazil and South Africa) to being U- or J-shaped (India, Jordan, and Indonesia), or a mixture of both (Bolivia …

success of banking reforms in India where significant banking reforms have been introduced since 1990s. Using the argument …

We document dramatic rising wages in China for the period 1978-2007 based on multiple sources of aggregate statistics …-intensive and labor-intensive industries have widened. Comparisons of international data show that China's manufacturing wage has … already converged to that of Asian emerging markets, but China still enjoys enormous labor cost advantages over its …