The historical forerunners of contemporary austerity are still largely unexplored. This essay considers the "liberal phase" of Fascist Italy (1922-1925) as a case study to explain austerity as a full-blown rationality, that is intrinsically, and simultaneously, theory and practice, encompassing...

1. The Organization of Terror and Murder -- 2. The Modern Theory of Bureaucracy -- 3. Bureaucratic Competition in the Third Reich -- 4. Vertical Trust Networks in the Nazi Bureaucracy -- 5. Horizontal Trust Networks in the Nazi Bureaucracy -- 6. Coercion and Vertical Trust in the Nazi...

1.Italian Economics and Fascism: an Institutional View -- 2. Economists and the Fascist Regime: A Painful Continuity? -- 3 The Persistence of Tradition: The Economists in the Law Faculties and in the Higher Institutes of Business Studies (1922 – 1943) -- 4.The Faculties of Political Sciences...

1. Economic Expertise and Political Militancy under Fascism: an Introduction -- 2. From Nationalism to Fascism: Protagonists and Journals -- 3. Planning and Discussing Corporatism and the “New International Order” -- 4. “Breaking down the Ivory Tower”: Economic Culture in Italian...

This paper shows yearly estimates of income inequality in Italy from 1900 to 1950. By constructing dynamic social tables, we comprehensively assess inequality across all components of Italian society. In a context of declining inequality across Europe, interwar Italy reveals a singular...