findings from the literature on how productivity, innovation, and employment were impacted by the Great Liberalizationa period …, procompetitive effect of trade on total factor productivity (TFP). However, as in the 1990s, these gains do not seem to have been … limits of trade policy in boosting employment and long-term productivity growth. Policymakers should manage their …

indirect effects of the rise of industrial robots and productivity via international value chains on various industrial … technological advancements measured by total factor productivity (TFP). The results indicate that the overall impact of the …-2014 significantly, while the overall impact on the real value added growth of industries in the world was positive and significant. The …