This paper is motivated by two stylized facts about poverty in Africa: female-headed households tend to be poorer, and … poverty has been falling in the aggregate since the 1990s. These facts raise two questions: How have female-headed households … fared? And what role have they played in Africa's impressive recent aggregate growth and poverty reduction? Using data …

-targeting transfers to poor people. This incentive argument does not imply, however, that workfare is more cost-effective against poverty … that for the same budget, workfare has less impact on poverty than either a basic-income scheme (providing the same … transfer to all) or uniform transfers based on the government's below-poverty-line ration cards. For workfare to dominate other …

intergenerational transmission of poverty stemming from widowhood …

Proxy-means testing is a popular method of poverty targeting with imperfect information. In a now widely-used version …, thus diminishing the impact on poverty. Some methodological changes perform better, with a poverty-quantile method … as well, or almost as well, in reducing poverty. However, even with a budget sufficient to eliminate poverty with full …

In 2005 India introduced an ambitious national anti-poverty program, now called the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural … poverty by providing extra earnings for poor families, as well as empowerment and insurance. If the program worked in practice …