This paper empirically studies the role of fiscal constraints for disaster vulnerability and investment decisions in a global sample of firms. We build novel firm-level measures of exposure to fiscal constraints based on the sales distributions of firms across countries. This approach allows us...

A common claim holds that investment treaties reduce the willingness of host countries to regulate foreign-owned, environmentally-stranded, investments. A counter-argument is that the treaties can yield incentives for environmentally friendly replacement investment. This paper examines these...