formerly socialist (rather gender-equal) East Germany and the capitalist (rather gender-traditional) West Germany shaped … different gender identity prescriptions of family breadwinning. We use data for three periods between 1984 and 2016 from the … since reunification, converging to the more gender-egalitarian East Germany. Our work emphasizes the view that political and …

This paper aims to verify results of the innovative study on gender identity for the USA by Bertrand et al. (2015) for … violate traditional gender identity norms. Using data from the German Socio-economic Panel Study (SOEP) we also find that the … exceeds the husband’s income. The results of the fixed effects regression confirm that gender identity has an impact on the …