formation: industry, location and change over time. The data is for West Germany and covers the 1983-97 period. Our analysis …

This paper focuses on the entrepreneurial endeavors of immigrants and natives in Germany. We pay closer attention to … Germany represent about 70% of all Turkish entrepreneurs in the European Union. We identify the characteristics of the self …

Germany experienced a unique rise in the level of self-employment in the first two decades following unification … employees and the overall level of self-employment in West Germany, their explanatory power is much lower for the stronger … increase of solo self-employment and of self-employment in former socialist East Germany. …

Based on representative micro data for Germany, we compare the incomes of self-employed with those of wage workers. Our …

wages and the labor market success of two kinds of entrepreneurial women in Germany - self-employed and salaried …-employment sector that offers better opportunities and monetary success. Self-employed women in Germany fare well and most importantly …