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Funding self-employment : the role of consumer credit

Kneiding, Christoph; Kritikos, Alexander - 2011

This paper investigates whether self-employed households use consumer loans - in particular instalment loans and overdrafts - to finance business activities. Controlling for financial and non-financial household variables we show that self-employed households particularly use personal overdrafts...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009580355

The link between R&D, innovation and productivity : are micro firms different?

Baumann, Julian; Kritikos, Alexander - 2016

than 10 employees; usually constituting the majority of firms in industrialized economies. Using the German KfW SME panel …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011421890

The availability of child care and mothers' employment in West Germany

Kreyenfeld, Michaela; Hank, Karsten - 1999

the effects of child care on mothers' employment in Germany should rather focus on the availabililty than on the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011432595

A multilevel analysis of child care and the transition to motherhood in Western Germany

Hank, Karsten; Kreyenfeld, Michaela - 2002

in Germany. We argue that in the European institutional context the availability of public day care and informal child …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011436265

Kinderbetreuung und Fertilität in Deutschland

Hank, Karsten; Kreyenfeld, Michaela; Spieß, C. Katharina - 2003

Eine zentrale Rolle in der aktuellen Diskussion um eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf spielt die Versorgung mit bedarfsgerechter Kinderbetreuung. Eine umfassendes Angebot an Betreuungsplätzen fördert jedoch nicht nur die Müttererwerbstätigkeit, sondern könnte sich auch positiv...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011437507

Business cycles and start-ups across industries : an empirical analysis of German regions

Konon, Alexander; Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander - 2018

We analyze whether start-up rates in different industries systematically change with business cycle variables. Using a unique data set at the industry level, we mostly find correlations that are consistent with counter-cyclical influences of the business cycle on entries in both innovative and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011822200

Do entrepreneurs really earn less?

Sorgner, Alina; Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander - 2014

Based on representative micro data for Germany, we compare the incomes of self-employed with those of wage workers. Our …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010438045

Who starts a business and who is self-employed in Germany

Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander; Rusakova, Alina - 2012

entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic … increase in self-employment in Germany by 40 percent which can partly be attributed to the transformation process of East … Germany and to the shift to the service sector. We notice a yearly start-up rate of 1 percent among the working population …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009580116

Business cycles, unemployment and entrepreneurial entry : first evidence from Germany

Fritsch, Michael; Kritikos, Alexander; Pijnenburg, Katharina - 2013

Germany reveals that start-up activities are positively influenced by unemployment rates and that the cyclical component of …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009723921

German financial state aid during COVID-19 pandemic : higher impact among digitalized self-employed

Bertschek, Irene; Block, Jörn; Kritikos, Alexander; … - 2022

In response to strong revenue and income losses that a large share of the self-employed faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the German federal government introduced a €50bn emergency aid program. Based on real-time online-survey data comprising more than 20,000 observations, we analyze the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013399812