first child raised fertility and increased the probability that the family was living without a father. We find that for our … associated with lower fertility, particularly for natives. Thus, by the 2008-2013 period, any apparent son preference in … fertility decisions appears to have been outweighed by factors such as cost concerns in raising girls or increased female …

clearly increases the likelihood to have a first child. -- Family formation ; fertility ; unemployment ; cross …

Parity-specific probabilities of having a next birth are estimated from national fertility data and are compared with … nation-specific costs of having children as measured by time-budget data, by attitude data from the International Social … countries (the US, West Germany, Denmark, Italy, and the United Kingdom), whose fertility rates span the observed fertility …

We estimate the causal relationship between family size and labour market outcomes for families in low fertility and … low female employment regime. Family size is instrumented using twinning and gender composition of the first two children … to be -7.1 percentage points. However, we find no effect of additional children on female employment among families with …

This paper investigates whether and how regional social contexts influence fertility decisions of women living in … for the transition to the first and second child. The empirical analysis provides no evidence that fertility differentials …

due to the fact that mortality rises with age and a large share of HCE is caused by proximity to death. As a consequence …, rising longevity - through falling mortality rates - may even reduce HCE. However, a weakness of previous empirical studies … over the period 1997-2009. Using (dynamic) panel data models, we find that age, mortality and five-year survival rates have …

Empirical evidence from several countries reveals that self-rated health is a valid predictor of mortality. So far … the relationship between self-rated health and mortality for Germany. In addition the GSOEP data enable an exploration of …

mortality risk to higher ages will not affect lifetime health care expenditures as death occurs only once in every life. We … life and for survivors, which we apply to the projections of the age structure and mortality rates for the German …