the indirect wage effect resulting from lower unemployment risks and shorter spells in unemployment associated with higher … educated. We analyse the returns to education in Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom, countries which differ … accounting for the effects of unemployment on individual wages using EU-SILC data. Across countries we find a high variation of …

supply due to the generous allowances for marginal employment under the current and the planned regulations of unemployment … Mindestsicherung') to be introduced in Austria by the end of this/beginning of next year. The aim of this reform is to reduce poverty … as well as increasing employment rates of recipients of social assistance. On the basis of a behavioral microsimulation …