The railroad package of 2001 focusing on access regulation is in the process of a reform. Particularly, the European Commission intends to remove the obstacles to fair competition that have been identified since 2001. In this context, the paper points out the relevance of the disaggregated...

International mobile roaming cartel agreements prompted the EU to intervene, firstly encompassing competition law measures by a cartel exemption, then ini-tiating several competition proceedings based on the accusation of abuse of a dominant market position, and finally applying price...

This chapter is organized as follows: In section 2 the historical roots of third par-ty access regulation are characterized. This includes the Prussian railway law of 1838 and the terminal railroad case of 1912. In section 3 a normative frame-work, based on modern network economics, for the...

The increasing complexity of EU regulation is resulting in a tangle of contradictory decisions and statements, involving also new markets, such as interactive cable television, Internet etc. Whereas in the past sector-specific regulation has been applied in a discretionary manner in order to...

Aktiver und potenzieller Wettbewerb ist auf den Märkten für Verkehrsleistungen funktionsfähig. Dies gilt auch für den ÖPNV. Da defizitäre Universaldienste im Wettbewerb nicht spontan bereitgestellt werden, muss Art und Umfang die- ser Leistungen im politischen Prozess festgelegt und...

In order to analyse the role of competition in the post-trade markets a normative network economic analysis of the securities business is provided. The theory of monopolistic bottlenecks constitutes the theoretical reference point for this analysis in order to identify stable network specific...