States (NIS), focusing on the new EU member states (NMS) and selected NIS (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova and Kazakhstan … both NMS and (less so) the NIS towards the West. The recent trade developments on EU?NIS borders indicate a closer trade … EU exports is made up of manufacturing products. By contrast, EU imports from the NMS and NIS display a much more …

EU's 2007 enlargement by Bulgaria and Romania is evaluated by applying a simple macroeconomic integration model able to … Romania spill-over to EU15, including Austria and the 10 new member states of the 2004 EU enlargement. The pattern of the … integration effects is qualitatively similar to those of EU?s 2004 enlargement by 10 new member states. Bulgaria and Romania gain …

factors of production (capital and labor). In contrast, the consequences of FDI from the capital abundant country (EU) to the … country CGE model, including the EU and the CEEC. A panel regression for both regions separately, helps to decide empirically … advantage (increase in global net trade) has contributed to a decline in the labor income shares in the EU. Additionally, those …

specializations and economic policy coordination, contributed to the synchronization of business cycles in the enlarged EU. We … synchronization, specifically between incumbent and new EU members. More coordinated fiscal policies and, particularly in EU 15, the … EU income convergence, a declared objective of EU policy, supported business cycle synchronization. …