The pending enlargement of the European Monetary Union (EMU) has brought to the fore the discussion of the voting right distribution in the European Central Bank (ECB) council. We show that, in a model where labor unions internalize the inflationary consequences of wage setting, deviating from a...

We develop a simple model that looks at the incentives of private banks to behave prudentially and undertake costly efforts to lower the probability of bankruptcy or having to be bailed out by a lender of last resort. Government regulators can force banks to increase efforts beyond the privately...

Die EU-Kommission hatte im Januar 2002 die Haushaltslage in Deutschland zum Anlass genommen, dem Ecofin-Rat zu empfehlen, gegenüber Deutschland eine Frühwarnung auszusprechen. Der so genannte „Blaue Brief" des Rates konnte auf Intervention der Bundesregierung vermieden werden. Die...