Consumers are exposed to rising numbers of ads for which they have falling amounts of time. This poses a serious challenge for advertisers and ad agencies who want to engage consumers with their ads, create positive impressions and build memory for their ads and brands. The bulk of ads in...

The recent economic downturn has made consumers more focused on obtaining good value-for-money and on keeping their spending in check. This dissertation covers the implications of two recent developments indicative of such smart shoppingʺ: the increased popularity of the hard-discounterʺ...

New technologies have enabled firms to elicit granular behavioral data from consumers in exchange for lower prices and better experiences. This data can mitigate asymmetric information and moral hazard, but it may also increase firms' market power if kept proprietary. We study a voluntary...

Using Visa debit and credit card transactions in the U.S. from 2016 to 2019, we document the importance of customers in accounting for sales variation across merchants, across stores within retail chains, and over time for individual merchants and stores. Customers, as opposed to transactions...