The establishment of the Banking Union and the introduction of the European Single Rulebook seek to pave the way for a single banking market and to break the nexus between banks and sovereigns. Ideally, banks should be subject to a common set of rules and do business across the Banking Union...

Cross-border payments suffer from a lack of speed and transparency and limited access, resulting in higher overall costs than domestic payments. This paper analyses how the best execution principle developed in the context of securities and derivatives could be applied to cross-border payments....

This paper addresses a core feature of the debt capital markets in general and securitisation transactions in particular; the creation of debt claims with different ranking and priority (also referred to as “tranching”).The primary purpose of the study is to develop an understanding of the...

Climate change has exacerbated extreme weather events; global warming and its effects have been described as unequivocal and unprecedented. It has been recognized that transitioning to a low carbon economy will require large scale transformation. We are witnessing a period in which there are...

The green bond market has demonstrated a significant expansion over the previous years. Nonetheless, it remains only a very small fraction of the overall bond market. Further growth in the green bond market would provide significant green investment, thereby helping to close the European Green...

Banking regulation and supervision have a key role to play in realising the EU’s climate change objectives. In this article we analyse the EU-level initiatives currently underway to green the banking system, in particular with regard to the microprudential rulebook. We document how regulators...

In March 2020, Covid-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Most European governments reacted with lockdowns. A drop in demand as well as supply disruptions affected the economy which also hit European banks with quite a lot of uncertainty, not only regarding possible...

Deference mechanisms, such as substituted compliance and equivalence, serve important purposes: They open up markets to foreign service providers, avoid double regulation, and reduce market fragmentation. Yet, their current design also has considerable weaknesses. The biggest of these is that...

This study develops on the status quo in relation to the assessment of resolvability of credit institutions and banking groups in the Banking Union and the removal of substantive impediments to their resolvability under the EU legal framework governing banking resolution, as in force, taking due...

The lingering pandemic and associated lockdown measures have undoubtedly an impact on banks’ balance sheets. It is expected that the ratio of banks’ non-performing loans (NPLs) will raise significantly once Member States fully unwind the support measures introduced to contain the impact of...