We study the effects of compulsory military service in Finland on the conscripts' future labour market behaviour. This is measured in three ways: first, the time it takes to complete civil education and the level of education acquired; second, how the conscripts will find employment; and third,...

Labour-market polarization is characterized by increased employment in occupations at the top but also at the bottom of the skills and wage distributions, followed by a relative decline in 'middling' occupations. This paper documents a polarization trend also in the Nordic labour markets and...

Die ehemalige DDR hatte eine Basissicherung im Rahmen einer Einheitssozialversicherung. Ferner beeinflusste der Staat die Einkommensverteilung über die staatlich gelenkte Lohnpolitik sowie die Güterverteilung über die Preispolitik. In der Bundesrepublik dominiert die Lebensstandardsicherung...

In zahlreichen Diskussionen wird immer wieder Zuwanderung als ein mögliches Instrument genannt, um die demographischen Probleme der umlagefinanzierten Rentensysteme in Europa zu lindern. Diese eingeschränkte Betrachtungsweise wird aber dem sehr viel weiterreichenden Phänomen der...

This paper revisits the empirical relationship between unemployment and output, and its evolution following the financial crisis of 2008, with the aim of drawing potential consequences for labour market modelling strategies in place within the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). First, the...

This paper examines the overall macroeconomic impact arising from reform in government wages and employment, at times of fiscal consolidation. Reform of these two components of the government wage bill appeared necessary for containing the deterioration of the public finances in several EU...