This paper estimates the return to education using two alternative instrumental variable estimators: one exploits variation in schooling associated with early smoking behaviour, the other uses the raising of the minimum school leaving age. Each instrument estimates a 'local average treatment...

This paper investigates the impact of changes in the funding of higher education in England on students' choices and outcomes. Over the last two decades – through three major reforms in 1998, 2006 and 2012 – undergraduate university education in public universities moved from being free to...

Auf kleinräumiger Ebene lässt sich der Betreuungsausbau aus zwei unterschiedlichen Perspektiven betrachten. Entweder kann man der Frage nachgehen, wie stark in den Kommunen an dieser Stelle investiert wurde und die Anstiege bei den Platzzahlen vergleichen, oder man kann die regionalen...

Auf kleinräumiger Ebene lässt sich der Betreuungsausbau aus zwei unterschiedlichen Perspektiven betrachten. Entweder kann man der Frage nachgehen, wie stark in den Kommunen an dieser Stelle investiert wurde und die Anstiege bei den Platzzahlen vergleichen, oder man kann die regionalen...

In 1994, Blanchflower and Oswald reported that they have found an "empirical law of economics" - the Wage Curve. According to their empirical results, the elasticity of wages with respect to regional unemployment is -0.1. This holds especially for the Anglo-Saxon countries. Our paper reconsiders...

Positive assortative matching implies that high productivity workers and firms match together. However, there is almost no evidence of a positive correlation between the worker and firm contributions in two-way fixed-effects wage equations. This could be the result of a bias caused by standard...

We explore the association between urban density and pupil attainment using three cohorts of pupils in schooling in England. Although - as widely recognised - attainment in dense urban places is low on average, this is not because urban environments disadvantage pupils, but because the most...