convergence. From the Russian crisis in 1998 to the great recession in 2009 Estonia gained an impressive 20% in GDP per capita … relative to the EU27 average in PPPs. Like the other Baltic economies, however, a considerable part of earlier convergence … less affected by the crisis and have been able to maintain most of their convergence gains. Moreover, prior to the …

-skilled workers from extreme poverty in the short-run, it prevents income convergence between developed and developing nations in the …