Using a unique dataset of the Euro area and the U.S. bank lending standards, we find that low (monetary policy) short … securitization activity, weak supervision for bank capital and too low for too long monetary policy rates. Conversely, low long …

We provide evidence that the strength of the bank lending channel varies considerably across three major events in the … easing (QE). We study how lending responds to each shock using detailed bank, firm, and household data from Portugal, a … more effective than signalling events at stimulating the bank lending channel …

From the onset of the 2007-2009 crisis, the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank have aggressively lowered … has partial control over bank regulation it can exercise regulatory lenience. Two, the Fed’s stronger output orientation …

crucial complementarities between supervision and monetary policy: centralised supervision offsets excessive bank risk …

The paper studies the central bank collateral framework and its impact on banks’ liquidity under an adverse stress test … four funding channels: unsecured loans, asset sales, private repurchase agreements, or Central Bank lending. We test three … highlight the heterogeneous effects across different jurisdictions and financial institutions. We find that bank equity losses …

economy. In our model, producers are financed by both bank debt and equity, and face a mix of systematic and idiosyncratic … macro-prudential policy is represented by a convex dependence of bank capital requirements on the quantity of …

crisis of 1864-66. Next, we describe the particular banking sector of Spain, characterized by the coexistence of the Bank of … Spain with multiple local banks of issue. We analyze the microeconomic behavior of each bank in response to the crisis and … find that, overall, the banks of issue performed well during the crisis. The Bank of Spain resulted as the most …