comprehensive real-time database for the euro area and examines the ECB's past interest-rate setting behaviour in two complementary … historical evolution of euro area monetary policy. We also find that the ECB is neither purely backward nor forward-looking, but …

using high-frequency bond yield data for France, Germany, Italy and Spain. We find that Economic and Monetary Union (EMU … substantial increase in the anchoring of long-term inflation expectations since EMU, particularly for Italy and Spain, which since …

and to anticipate monetary policy by the ECB? Using a database of surveys of professional ECB policy forecasters in 24 …

, and thus an important factor for its credibility and policy effectiveness. This paper analyses the coverage which ECB … that the press critically discusses the ECB’s policy decisions in the context of prior market expectations and of the … inflation environment, and that the media’s coverage of decisions is generally highly responsive to ECB communication – in …

households, we investigate these questions for the case of the European Central Bank (ECB). Our findings suggest that knowledge … on the ECB’s objectives is far from perfect. Both a weak desire to be informed and unawareness of insufficient knowledge …

statements and press conferences announcing monetary policy actions taken by the ECB. We find that an unexpected decrease of 25 …

and to anticipate monetary policy by the ECB? Using a database of surveys of professional ECB policy forecasters in 24 …