a key component of attempts to reshore production and are an increasingly popular trade policy instrument in general … implemented unilaterally or induce a retaliation from trade partners, and also the extent to which they reduce domestic …

manufacturing and pre-existing trade links with China and India help advanced countries to maximise the growth dividend resulting …

significant predictors of reversals across all regimes, reserve coverage, credit booms, openness to trade and the US short term …

whether the historically well-documented relationship between growth, real exchange rates and trade protectionism has broken … dataset which considers a wide range of trade policies stretching beyond the traditionally considered tariff and trade defence … measures. We find that the specter of protectionism has not been banished: Countries continue to pursue more trade …

This study examines the home bias in trade in goods and services within the European Union. Using the newest release of … trade-reducing effect of borders is found to be sizeable. It is greater for trade in services than for goods, though the …

the single market intensified bilateral trade across euro area countries and contributed to higher business cycle symmetry …. The introduction of the single currency led to an intensification of intra-industry trade which has become the main …