identify also the distortions induced by public expenditure in the private factors allocation. In particular, we detect a …. We also associate a significant dependence of productivity on public expenditure on education as well as the role of …

The main focus of this paper is the relation between the cyclical components of total revenues and expenditures and the … reversals in tax policies, which are unmatched by expenditure adjustments. As a consequence, deficits rise when economic …

This study examines reforms of public expenditure in industrialised countries over the past two decades. We distinguish … education spending. Such expenditure retrenchment is also typically part of a comprehensive reform package that includes … expenditure retrenchment and reform coincides with large improvements in fiscal and economic growth indicators …

The study looks at primary expenditure developments in the euro area, its three largest members and four “macro …-imbalances” countries for the period 1999-2009. It compares actual expenditure trends with those that would have prevailed if countries had … followed neutral policies based on expenditure rules since the start of EMU. It also calculates the implications for debt …

– absence of sustainability – between government revenues and expenditures for most countries (except for Austria, Canada …