Open RAN in itself reduces the total costs of deploying a 5G network. Economic evidence shows that the equipment market is … a buyers' market due to a higher concentration amongst operators. The number of vendors is less critical for prices than … the relative power between buyers and sellers. The network equipment market is the only ICT segment where the EU …

small to inflict any injury on EU producers, and China holds less than 4% of the EU market; alleged subsidies through grants … market share. China directs most of its subsidies to strategic emerging industries, and even amongst these sectors only a …

by permanent overcapacities. Meanwhile, benefits from market access to large-sized economies, export efficiencies …

outperforming the EU on the Japanese market - it is simply unlikely that Japanese trade barriers are designed to promote US and … agreements besides an FTA with a declining Europe, the EU-Japan FTA is necessary to maintain European market shares in the world …'s second largest consumer market against the global competition. (...) …

, Taiwan can also spur EU growth provided by indirect market access to China. This policy brief looks at the potential gains of …

begin, there is no evidence for unprecedented capacity shortages ahead, or that the market mechanisms and current pace of … remove incentives for competitors to deploy fibre and risk the re-monopolisation of the future broadband market. Yet no … incentivise demand or investments in a non-discriminatory manner consistent with the values of the Single Market. …