classes across all sectors and all EU Member States, we identify different innovation profiles based on a firm's R …&D investment and/or innovation activities. We find that "basic" firms - i.e. firms that do not engage in any type of R&D or … innovation - are more common among young SMEs, while innovators - i.e. firms that do R&D and introduce new products, processes or …

The way firms finance their investments can potentially explain the heterogeneity of firms in terms of their innovation … between finance and innovation of EU firms. We identify seven financing clusters to show that the degree of innovativeness …

a new growth model centred around a shift towards more home-grown innovation, digitalisation, climate change mitigation …