This study estimates the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth with annual data for the Commonwealth Independent States countries in three groups of income levels. Empirical results reveal that electricity consumption and GDP are cointegrated for all these...

During the last few decades, the internet and digital technology have fundamentally changed the global music industry. As a consequence, new companies and novel business models have emerged. Spotify, one of the new players in the music industry, has expanded its business activities and grown to...