The literature on organizational learning asserts that external learning is often limited geographically and … facilitate external learning but also help to overcome localization. Focusing on patent law firms, we test our predictions using …

The importance of intellectual property (IP) rights for commercializing innovation is well established. Moreover … innovation alone, it is not clear how obtaining IP rights will impact the choice between licensing product rights and continuing … the primary patent covering an innovation and whether the innovating firm’s licenses its innovation or raises external …

aspects could simultaneously have different effects on innovation speed and market performance. We identify three main types … speed to radical innovation and market performance over time. Based on a conceptual framework we develop six hypotheses … concerning the legacy effects on initial speed radical innovation and subsequent market performance. We chose the European retail …

specialized commercialization capabilities. The predominant framework says that if the innovation is protected by a tight … appropriability regime the optimal strategy is to license the innovation to an incumbent firm. Using a game-theoretic model of the … conditions-be to commercialize alone or to pursue a hybrid whereby it licenses the innovation but retains the rights to …