This paper studies the life insurance demand responses to Covid-19 pandemic. It employs the unique individual-level daily data on new term life insurances together with both geographical and timely variation in the severity of the pandemic in Finland. These data are merged with the high-quality...

This paper studies the performance of interest limita- tion rules during business cycles. It employs register data on Finnish affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to study both thin-capitalization rules (TCRs) and earnings-stripping rules (ESRs). Both types of rules are found to become...

This paper examines the labour market impacts of Finland's initial COVID-19 subsidy program, designed to mitigate the economic fallout of the pandemic. Utilising a novel and comprehensive dataset and a judge-leniency instrumental variables design, we analyse the effects of these subsidies at...

The construction industry has suffered from low growth in recent decades. Motivated by the economic impor-tance of the industry, we revisit the construction produc-tivity puzzle by analyzing the construction value chains of 12 European countries with data from the World In-put-Output and EU...

In this paper, we shed new light on the productivity impact of breakthrough patents, as well as their role in the variability of productivity across countries. We use text analysis and machine learning-based estimates of the number of breakthrough patents and show that there was a significant...

In recent years, many countries have sought to transform their fiscal frameworks, with the aim of rendering their public finances more sustainable and preventing the emergence of fiscal problems. This report presents the findings of comparative research into the fiscal frameworks of five...