This paper uses the European Working Conditions Surveys to examine the intensity of work for male and female employees. The first section gives an overview of the usefulness of the survey for examining European Union (EU) working conditions and shows how women's intensity of work has been...

This study provides a test of Becker's hypothesis that wage discrimination within an industry depends on the degree of market competition by analyzing earnings in a deregulated transportation sector--the motor bus industry. The empirical findings provide strong support for the hypothesis that...

Sexual discrimination in labor hiring was measured using a controlled experimental approach. Carefully-matched pairs of written applications were made in response to advertised job vacancies in the Australian State of Victoria. Statistically significant discrimination against females was...

Relying on 1986 and 1993 Bulgarian cross-sectional household surveys, the essay examines evidence of a decrease in gender earnings differentials in the country's transition to a market economy. Women's gains in the early transition are due to both changes in the relative returns to skill and...

In this paper, empirical results are presented which demonstrate the significance of employee separations in the firm's decision concerning whom to promote. The results are quite supportive of the "jobs" theory of discrimination developed by Lazear and Rosen (1990), and several of the...

We examine whether interdisciplinary collaboration and the gender diversity of a profession affect scholarly research practices. Our analysis of four industrial relations and labor economics journals shows that decisions to exclude women and minorities, and to use gender or race as explanatory...

A unique employer-level data set is used to provide insight not only to the degree of discrimination that may exist , but also to the source of that potential discrimination. Results from decomposing individual wage equations indicate that, as legislatively defined, employers do not appear to be...

This paper examines the effect of instructor and student gender on students' ratings of teaching. We analyze data on ratings of instructors of introductory economics classes from a sample of students at 53 different colleges and universities in the United States. We find, controlling for other...