This paper provides evidence on the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows from multinationals across the twenty-one host countries over the period 1980 to 1993. We examine the role that fiscal incentives and macroeconomic factors play in explaining FDI inflows. It is shown that...

Global income elasticity of trade (GIET) is the percentage increase in world imports or exports, attributable to a percentage increase in world income or output. Theoretical and econometric research has shown that greater ~than unitary income elasticities to import and to export have...

Where economic activity will locate in the future is one of the most important and challenging questions in economics. Even though advances in technology have reduced the cost of transport and communication which has curtailed the ‘distance penalty’ for business operations, local proximity...

The hesitation, conversion to trade reform, and the rush to free trade are viewed as a process involving a rational analysis of the political cost (including market access) to the policymaker. The rush to free trade depends on the degree of precision of signals—the policymaker’s own and the...

In the world trading system there has been an increase in unilateral trade and bilateral trade of differentiated products. However, the main trade theories have difficulties providing an explanation for unilateral trade. We show that profit seeking abroad by merchants or countries originates...

This paper reassesses the dynamic links between trade and growth in India during the post-independence period. The main result is a short-run bi-directional relationship between exports and output growth. This finding is supported both by standard Granger causality tests, and by an alternative...

The extensive research on the impact of export growth and export instability on growth has produced non-definitive and often contradictory results. It would be surprising if it were otherwise. Countries react differently to their economic development interdependencies based on their size,...

A change in the nomina1 exchange rate will have an impact on domestic industry if foreign prices do not adjust to keep the domestic price constant. Local industries for two heavily exported products, Alabama’s chemicals and primary metals, were affected by the exchange rate from 1975 to 1990....

The study analyses the long run equilibrium and short run dynamic relationship among real exports, real imports and real income in India for the period 1951-52 to 1995-96. The long run relationship is examined using both the Engle-Granger (1987) two-step and the Johansen (1991)...

Factors determining United States’ trade balance with Italy (NE) are examined, and tests for long run relationships performed. Results suggest the main determinant of NE is the output ratio, followed by the price ratio, real exchange rate, lending rate ratio, and the money supply ratio, which...