Z-score is used as a measure of health and nutritional status in early childhood. Based on a comparison of siblings, the empirical analysis shows that improving children’s health significantly lowers the age when they start school, increases grade attainment, decreases grade repetition, and...

This article examines returns to schooling in the Philippines and Thailand, using recent employee surveys in manufacturing industries. Empirical results show that (i) schooling returns steadily increase as education attainment increases in Thailand, but the returns increase only at university...