Assumptions of the uniqueness and stability of general equilibrium in a Walrasian framework have no theoretical justification. This paper argues that the key reason for this is that the Walrasian model treats people as acting independently of one another, especially in their demand behavior....

In this paper we give a theoretical model of buyers' behaviour on a market for a perishable good where no prices are posted. We show that if buyers learn from their own previous experience there is a sharp division between those who learn to be loyal to certain sellers and those who continue to...