This article examines corporate bailouts from several ethical perspectives. Utilitarian analysis concludes that bailouts cannot be ethically justified because the losers exceed the winners. Applying rights theory reaches the same conclusion for different reasons

This paper proposes a new methodology to measure the volatility of CO2 assets computed as the difference between model-free implied volatility (from option prices) and model-free realized volatility (from high-frequency intraday data), coined as ‘variance risk-premia’ (Carr and Wu, 2009;...