Earlier studies on foreign direct investment (FDI) have mainly focused on its benefits. This paper examines the nature of FDI-related productivity spillovers in China's manufacturing sector. The empirical analysis based on firm level panel data, over the period 2000–2007, reveals that...

We adapt Yeaple's (2005) heterogeneous agent framework to model firms in the North as making explicit offshore outsourcing decisions to cheap-labor economies. We highlight how firms' technology transformations due to globalization will induce skill upgrading in the North, increase aggregate...

While the “proximity-concentration” theory suggests a positive relationship between trade cost and foreign direct investment (FDI), there is ample evidence showing a negative relationship between them. We show that the possibility of exporting back to the home country from a host country,...