Ajmi, Ahdi Noomen; El Montasser, Ghassen; Nguyen, Duc Khuong - In: Economic Modelling 35 (2013) C, pp. 126-133
indicates unidirectional causality running from energy consumption to GDP for the United Kingdom, while a bidirectional … causality between energy consumption and GDP is found for Canada, France, Japan and United States. On the other hand, Kyrtsou …–Labys test shows that a unidirectional causality runs from energy consumption to GDP for France and the United States, and from …