estimator using the gravity model of trade, we study the interaction between domestic and partner-country corruption and the …

a negative and significant impact. However, the impact of openness was inconclusive. …

This paper analyzes empirically the linkages between trade openness, economic growth, and the size of the informal … trade openness. Second, fluctuations of GDP growth are explained by the size of the informal economy, while the impact of …, the size of the informal economy affects GDP growth more than openness, and the causality from openness to GDP growth is …

With the progress of globalization, the openness-output nexus has drawn more attention than ever before. Results in … positive and significant impact of openness on economic growth. The system GMM technique is used to overcome the shortcomings …

The openness of the immigration policy toward developing countries is strongly debated in industrialized countries. In … this paper we build an indicator of the "revealed" migration policy openness by computing the difference between the … over the period from 1990 to 2006, allowing us to compare the restrictiveness / openness of policies between countries and …

The impact of trade openness on poverty has been in the limelight for a few decades now, since most developing … effects of trade openness on poverty. We find that poverty has a negative and significant relationship with total trade …

significant determinants of the constitution of convergence clubs among African countries are openness, foreign direct investment …