This paper investigates the relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions in a sample of 20 emerging countries over the period 1992–2008 using the semi-parametric panel data model with fixed effects, proposed by Baltagi and Li (2002). We find little evidence in support of an inverted-U...

We propose an empirical likelihood method for application to a partially linear panel data model with fixed effects. The empirical log-likelihood ratio statistic is proved to be asymptotically chi-squared distributed, and the asymptotic properties of estimators for both the parametric and...