This paper examines the trade-off shareholders face between providing managers with incentives to exert beneficial effort and to engage in costly fraudulent activity. We provide a solution to the optimal compensation problem, given that shareholders can either grant (restricted) stock or stock...

The present paper studies incentive provision in a model where a manager can affect the firm's stock price by exerting unobservable effort and through costly, deceptive signalling and investigates the role product market competition plays in shaping shareholders' trade-off between inducing...