these issues empirically, based on a harmonized survey of innovation activities of more than 1,800 firms located in Portugal …International knowledge spillovers, especially through multinational companies (MNCs), have recently been a major topic … of discussion among academics and practitioners. Most research in this field focuses on knowledge sharing activities of …

Searching for externally available knowledge has been characterised as a vital part of the innovation process. Previous … and that these moderate the relationship between innovation inputs and outputs. Based on a sample of 4,500 firms from 13 … European countries we find that search patterns in low-technology industries focus on market knowledge while they are built …

The innovation activities of foreign subsidiaries have been identified as an important source of competitive advantage … foreignness). We derive potential stumbling blocks in the innovation process theoretically and argue that these materialize as … innovation activities in Germany from various sectors. We find that foreign-controlled firms are not challenged by liability of …

novel knowledge and to enhance innovation performance. We develop targeted management recommendations based on these results …Searching for external knowledge has frequently been characterized as crucial for firm success. However, little is … known about how the direction of search strategies influences innovation performance. In this paper, we argue that firms …

for innovation at home. We suggest a combination of three factors to identify and explain such innovation strategies … customers as a source for innovation that is more beneficial to standardized products and becomes more feasible if the lead … regulation. Hence, companies optimize or augment their innovation activities by invoking ideas from foreign suppliers. Then again …

We investigate whether appointing a middle management level affects startups’ innovation performance. Additional … it improves the success rates from recombining existing knowledge as well as managing R&D personnel. In addition, we …