part of the population to the risk of poverty. Among households, lowincome and women are particularly vulnerable during … individualized pension raises the question of the poverty during the retirement period. In this context, could life insurances and … private pension contracts avoid the risk of poverty ? In this paper, we analyze the behaviour of life insurance holding in …

(1988-2008), we tell the story of this descent into hell from the standpoint of poverty and living standards. In 2008, after … five years of civil war and another episode yet to come (2010-11), the extreme US$1.25 poverty headcount had reached a …

the crucial question of whether poverty is a permanent characteristic of the same households or if it is a transitory … poverty and of non poverty between 1985 and 1996. The multinomial ordered probit econometric models explaining the probability … education level are all decisive factors explaining transitions between different states of poverty and no-poverty. …

The multidimensionality of poverty is now widely acknowledged. Some recent studies in developed countries show that … there is a weak correlation between the monetary poverty approach and the household's subjective perception of their well … reference comparison group? Finally, how much weights do have new poverty dimensions such as vulnerability and social or …