In this paper, we examine the representations of money by three major political philosophers, namely Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Johann Gottlieb Fichte. These authors had a major impact on the making of Western states, notably through their ways to express the issue of the people’s...

L’œuvre de Maurice Allais est abondante et protéiforme. Elle comporte des travaux d’économie théorique et d’économie appliquée comme des ouvrages de politique économique. Dans les années 1940, il établit rigoureusement les fondements de la théorie microéconomique néo-classique....

Maurice Allais’ work is undoubtedly the most important one among those of the 20th century French economists. It includes both theoretical and applied economic works and economic policy books. In the 1940’s, Maurice Allais rigorously settled the foundations of neoclassical microeconomic...

We are well aware of Walras’ hostility against Dupuit’s concept of surplus. The reasons for this hostility may be primarily psychological or ideological, not to mention Walras’ difficulty to understand the ideas of others. Nevertheless, in the present study, we would ground his hostility...

This paper examines what economic policy has learned from the contemporary developments in economic research and which lessons have been drawn from them for the formulation and the implementation of French economic policy. Advances in research are grouped under three headings: the intertemporal...

Strategy is made of moves, counter-moves, adjustments, actions and reactions. It is founded on an ever-changing external and internal context where numerous actors continuously modify the rules of the game. In these contexts, managers can’t rely on effective planned processes. They have to...

European Enlightenment thinkers were right in stressing the political dimension of inequality, rather than referring to "natural differences" as some others did after them in the 19th or 20th centuries. Drawing from recent theoretical and empirical contributions in social sciences and in...