For several years, preferential trade agreements have been oriented towards initiating a deep integration process … also raise new costs impeding trade. The aim of this paper is to verify that preferential trade agreements (PTAs) have a … higher positive effect on trade inside the area when they are bound by a democratic constraint. To achieve this, we use an …

For several years, preferential trade agreements have been oriented towards initiating a deep integration process. As a … have a higher impact on trade inside the area concerned by the agreement. The aim of this paper is to verify that … preferential trade agreements (PTAs), which are bound by a democratic constraint, have a higher positive effect on trade inside the …

For several years, preferential trade agreements have been oriented towards initiating a deep integration process … also raise new costs impeding trade. The aim of this paper is to verify that preferential trade agreements (ptas) have a … higher positive effect on trade inside the area when they are bound by a democratic constraint. To achieve this, we use an …

inequalities and trade patterns. We analyze the effect of redistributive policies on the production patterns and welfare. We … distinguish an intensive and an extensive channels through which an increase of demand - driven by redistribution or trade opening … - leads to output growth inside a country and in its partner country. Trade between dierent countries (in terms of income or …

(with GDP growing by 8 per cent and 10 per cent per year, respectively). The increase of the Vietnamese share of world trade … the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper addresses this question with regard to Vietnam, who joined the WTO at the … describing economic reform and trade policies in Vietnam, and their results in terms of economic growth and world integration. We …

This paper is dedicated to a theoretical and empirical survey of the relationship between trade, growth, poverty and … therefore estimated the direct impact of trade on income or income growth. But this raises the problem of endogeneity of trade … to income, knowing that openness defined according to trade cannot be easily related to trade policies. As it is shown in …

are introduced in a CGE exercise using Mirage. We find that trade and welfare gains are halved when excluding peaks from …

This article provides evidence that patent protection can have a positive effect on trade, by analysing the impact of … products, following intense lobbying efforts from the US pharmaceutical industry to have the Trade-Related Aspects of … Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement included in the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). A gravity model …

increasingly active since the World Trade Organization (WTO) Singapore Ministerial Declaration. On a regional level, social clauses … are now being introduced inside preferential-trade agreements. These evolutions feed the debate regarding the link between … labour standards and trade. This article takes a closer look at this debate and re-assesses the traditional economic analysis …

Using bilateral trade flow data from 1979 to 1999, we estimate trade integration between Chile and its principal … specification, theoretically grounded on a monopolistic competition framework with increasing returns. Trade barriers are measured … with the agenda of trade integration followed by Chile. Moreover, trade integration turns out to be heterogeneous across …