This article theoretically and empirically tests the link between financial constraints and the extensive (proportion of exporters) and intensive (volume of exports) margins of international trade. The article's main contribution is its macroeconomic analysis of this relationship, which is...

We explore which financial constraints matter the most in the choice of becoming an entrepreneur. We consider a randomly assigned welfare program in rural Mexico and show that cash transfers signi cantly increase entry into entrepreneurship. We then exploit the cross-household variation in the...

Is the impact of financial development on international trade heterogeneous – being positive, negative or null – across manufacturing sectors? And is it dependent on the level of sectoral requirement on external finance for capital need? To examine these questions this article uses a panel...

The pre-liberalized sector provided electricity consumers with a supply at regulated prices. With the liberalization movement, consumers are now faced with a new price risk. The purpose of this paper is to review, firstly the price policy conducted in France since the fifties, and secondly to...

The key role of institutions for economic performance has recently been acknowledged in the economic policy debate. This paper aims at pointing out the main policy lessons and the recommendations to be drawn from New Institutional Economics (NIE), when considering the organization of markets. We...

Information Systems (IS) play a critical role in modern organizations. They are nowadays a necessary condition for organizations survival within an unstable and continuously changing economic and technology environments. Indeed, organizations need IS which help them reaching various difficult...

The economic crisis which began in 2008 caused a decline of global savings, while emerging and developed economies have considerable needs in long-term investments. In France, three fields are identified: integrating young people into the labour market and financing their projects, supporting...