-2-3 surveys on the infor mal sector and infor mal employment, which have grown exponentially in Africa for more than 15 years …. After presenting the fundamental principles of the modular mixed surveys adopted by 1-2-3 surveys and their properties in … comparison to other types of surveys, we describe the generic schema of the 1-2-3 survey, its logic, and limitations. The focus …

similarity of domestic institutions. We find an asymme- tric impact on trade of institutions quality. Our estimations show that a … country exports all the more since the quality of its institutions is high; but that the importing country quality of … institutions only affects exports from Northern countries. They also invalidate second best theories which see corruption as a way …

discontinuity designs to a large set of surveys covering the 1986-2001 period, this paper identifies many large and significant …

very frequently used. Churchill (1999) notably underscored the fact that, within the framework of microfinance institutions … likelihood of reverse transition. This mechanism thus proves efficient ex post, that is to say to encourage borrowers to adhere …

, but with a particular objective: explaining the rise of unofficial activities that had coincided with the transition … data set, called 1-2-3 surveys, so as to analyse the links between corruption and the informal sector in seven major … Western African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) cities. More precisely, we use the phase 2 of these surveys which …