After almost four decades of price stability, inflation has recently approached historical highs. Initially driven by global energy and food price increases, the magnitude of the surge in inflation caught central banks and markets by surprise. Price pressures are now increasingly broadening to...

In 2022, the European Central Bank (ECB) introduced the Transmission ProtectionInstrument (TPI) to counter the risk of financial fragmentation following the normalisation ofmonetary policy. The ECB has specified conditions under which the TPI can be activated.This paper examines these conditions...

Policy makers have argued that markets are not pricing climate risk appropriately yet, which may lead to a misallocation of resources and financial instability. Climate riskadjusted refinancing operations (CAROs) conducted by the central bank are one possible instrument to address this issue....

During periods of economic crisis, monetary policy operations undertaken by central banks is increasing, often linked in a controversial operations performed by the State. The study examines the impact of monetary policy operations by the central bank on its financial statements in particular in...

In the present study we propose a critical approach to the concept of price stability. In the beginning we have considered a literature review regarding price stability issues. After that we have discussed about its implications in central banking and economy. Also, according to the statutes of...

The article sets out to approach mortgage markets and their impact on the financial structure and on the financial stability. The synthesizing of studies done lead to the conclusion that the institutional characteristics of the mortgage market influence the monetary policy shocks on the prices...

We suggest that flexible majority rules for currency issuance decisions foster the stability of a cryptocurrency. With flexible majority rules, the voteshare needed to approve a particular currency issuance growth is increasing with this growth rate. By choosing suitable parameters for these...