This paper explores reforms of pricing of private and public transport in Paris. Paris has used a policy of very low public transport prices and no road pricing. The Paris transport network is represented as a stylized concentric city with the choice between car, rapid rail, metro and buses as...

In this paper, we provide a selective survey of the recent literature that deals with transport policy competition between governments. The paper shows the potential relevance of strategic behaviour by governments in deciding on prices (taxes, tolls) and investment in infrastructure capacity....

This paper discusses the economics of three environmental and energy issues in transport: local air pollution, energy supply and climate change. The focus is on road transport as the dominant transport mode. The application of the main environmental instruments is briefly discussed for local air...

This paper analyzes cordon tolling using a simple model where space is discrete rather than continuous, with commuting costs incurred only on two congested bridges. The first-best regime requires tolls on both bridges, whereas only the inner bridge is tolled under the cordon-toll regime. While...

This paper extends recent research on the fare impacts of low-cost carriers, incorporating its adjacent-airport approach to offer a comprehensive picture of the competitive effects of both legacy carriers and low-cost carriers. The analysis measures the impact of in-market (i.e., airport-pair)...

This paper investigates strategic interaction among airlines in product-quality choices. Using an instrumental variables approach, the paper estimates flight-frequency reaction functions, which relate an airline׳s frequency on a route to its own characteristics and to the frequencies of...