This study investigates the impact of South Africa's current account balance on its economic growth from Q1 2015 to Q4 2022 using Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) technique. This study incorporates qualitative variables like COVID-19 to understand its effect on the South African current...

Although the movement of people from rural to urban areas has caused the increased use of energy, the abundance of water resources can be made into a form of renewable energy known as hydroelectricity. As European countries are ranked as the first users and exporters of hydropower, the...

This paper addresses the role of the U.S. dollar in fostering global economic growth during the post-war period. The existing literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the true implications of the U.S. dollar's status as a reserve currency and a dearth of studies examining its impact. In...

This paper aims to extend the literature on the impacts of China's policies on the world energy-growth nexus by analyzing the spillover effects of financial development and CO2 emissions. An autoregressive distributed lag approach was applied to annual series data from 1977 to 2016. Models for...

The purpose of this paper is to find the relationship between public expenditure in the educational sector and the economic growth in Indonesia since the government decided to spend 20% of the state budget on education. We used time series data from 1988 to 2018 and the Cobb-Douglas production...

This study used panel data covering 27 years to investigate the causality between regional stock exchange development and economic growth in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. We performed a homogeneous Granger non-causality with an autoregressive distributed lag...

This paper contributes to the limited literature on the factors conditioning the turning point of the public debt-growth relationship. A decade after the global financial crisis, when the debt ratio in many countries was still above pre-crisis levels, the COVID-19 pandemic kagain increased the...

This paper examines the nexus between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa. To determine the long run and short run relationship between financial development and energy consumption in South Africa, the paper uses an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag bounds test (ARDL) and...

The village fund allocation is a policy strategy of the government of Indonesia for development in rural areas. Each village has funds sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget. The uniqueness of this strategy is the community's involvement in determining the allocation expenditure...

This study aimed to scrutinize the impact of financial development, energy consumption, industrialization, and trade openness on economic growth in Indonesia over the period 1984-2018. To do so, the study employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to estimate the long-run and...