This paper reconsiders the Tobin q investment model studied by Hsiao et al. (1999) using a panel of 337 U.S. firms over the period 1982–1998. It contrasts the out-of-sample forecasts performance of hierarchical Bayes, shrinkage, as well as heterogeneous and homogeneous panel data estimators....

This paper contrasts the performance of heterogeneous and shrinkage estimators versus the more traditional homogeneous panel data estimators. The analysis utilizes a panel data set from 21 French regions over the period 1973–1998 and a dynamic demand specification to study the gasoline demand...