The U.S., Brazil and a number of European and other countries worldwide have introduced various support schemes for bioethanol and biodiesel. The advantage of these biofuels is that they are relatively easily integrated with the current fossil fuel-based transport sector, at least up to a...

The Republic of Ireland, like many other countries is trying to diversify energy sources to counteract environmental, political and social concerns. Bioethanol from domestically grown agricultural crops is an indigenously produced alternative fuel that can potentially go towards meeting the goal...

The conventional materials for constructing bioreactors for ethanol production are stainless and cladded carbon steel because of the corrosive behaviour of the fermenting media. As an alternative and cheaper material of construction, a novel textile bioreactor was developed and examined. The...

There is an increased interest in using thermophilic bacteria for the production of bioethanol from complex lignocellulosic biomass due to their higher operating temperatures and broad substrate range. This review focuses upon the main genera of thermophilic anaerobes known to produce ethanol,...

Under the Biofuels Obligation Scheme in Ireland, the biofuels penetration rate target for 2013 was set at 6% by volume from a previous 4% from 2010. In 2012 the fuel blend reached 3%, with approximately 70 million L of biodiesel and 56 million L of ethanol blended with diesel and gasoline,...

Biofuels have been extensively explored and applied in the Brazilian market. In Brazil, ethanol and biodiesel are produced on an industrial scale. Ethanol is commercialized and used in engines in both the hydrated form (96% °GL) and the anhydrous form, mixed with gasoline at a proportion of up...

Dried spent yeast (DSY) and its hydrolysate (DSYH) were used as low-cost nitrogen supplements to improve ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice by<i> Saccharomyces cerevisiae </i>NP01 under very high gravity (VHG) fermentation (280 g·L⁻¹ of total sugar) conditions. The supplemented DSY and DSYH...

Ethanol production from NaOH-Pretreated solid state fermented sweet sorghum bagasse with an engineered strain of <i>Z</i>. <i>mobilis</i> TSH-ZM-01 was optimized. Results showed that: (1) residual solid removal during ethanol fermentation was unnecessary and 24 h fermentation duration was optimal for ethanol...

Crops for biofuels squanders cropland, water, and energy resources vital for food production needed for people.